Romania 2025
Market Overview Payment Organisations TransFonD (Societatea Nationala de Transfer de Fonduri si Decontari) is the interbank processor of the Romanian electronic payment system. Domestic Payment Brands No domestic card brands. Market Structure Cash remains the predominant payment instrument; credit transfers and cheques are used alongside debit cards, which were first issued in 1997. Debit cards […]
Poland 2025
Market Overview Payment Organisation Polski Standard Platnosci, the BLIK operator. Domestic Payment Brands No domestic card brand. BLIK, the digital A2A payment service of Polish banks. Market Structure The number of debit cards has grown slowly in recent years, while credit cards reached a peak of 33% of the cards total by end-2009, falling to […]
Hungary 2025
Market Overview Payment Organisation Nexi (formerly SIA Central Europe, interbank organisation GIRO Bankcard Company (GBC)). Domestic Payment Brands No domestic payment brands. Market Structure Debit cards account for 88.91% of the payment card base. Rapid growth of card use. 93.00% of all cards are contactless. In September 2016, the number of contactless card payments exceeded […]
Czechia 2025
Market Overview Payment Organisation SBK Czech Bank Card Association (SBK/BCA). Domestic Payment Brands No domestic payment brands. Market Structure Continued growth of card use. By end-2023, there were 14.91 million cards with 237.9 card payments per capita. Cards issued are credit cards, debit cards, and prepaid cards. 91.00% of cards are debit cards that are […]
Bulgaria 2025
Market Overview Payment Organisation BORICA is the Bulgarian interbank organisation and card authorisation centre. Domestic Card Brands BORICA was the domestic debit card; many cards are co-badged Maestro. BORICA cards have been replaced by Bcard cards. Bcard is the new domestic card brand launched in 2017. Bcard cards are typically debit cards, credit cards or […]
Ukraine 2025
Introduction – Payments in Ukraine Ukraine is a parliamentary republic with a unicameral legislature, the Supreme Council (Verkhovna Rada) under a semi-presidential system with separate powers: legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Its capital and largest city is Kiev. Two brief periods of independence occurred during the 20th century, once near the end of World War […]
Moldova 2025
Introduction – Payments in Moldova Moldova is a parliamentary republic with a unicameral Parliament (Parlamentul). It is a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Organisation for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) and the Organisation of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) and is an observer of the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC). About […]
Belarus 2025
Introduction – Payments in Belarus Belarus is a presidential republic with a bicameral Parliament (Natsionalnoye Sobranie) composed of the Chamber of Representatives and the Council of the Republic. It is a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Organisation for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) and the Organisation of the Black Sea Economic […]