Kazakhstan 2025

Introduction – Payments in Kazakhstan Kazakhstan is a presidential republic with a bicameral Parliament composed of the Senate and the Assembly (Mazhilis). There is limited power outside of the executive branch. The Republic of Kazakhstan is a country in Central Asia, with a minor part west of the Ural River and thus in Europe. Kazakhstan […]

Kyrgyzstan 2025

Introduction – Payments in Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan (also known as the Kyrgyz Republic) is one of the Asian countries in the Eurasian Yearbook. Since independence, the Kyrgyz Republic has officially been a unitary parliamentary republic, although it continues to endure ethnic conflicts, revolts, economic troubles, transitional governments, and political party conflicts. In 2021 it reverted to […]

Georgia 2025

Introduction – Payments in Georgia Georgia is a presidential republic with a unicameral parliament, the Supreme Council (Umaghlesi Sabcho). In June 2014, Georgia took an important step towards eventual EU membership with the signature of a formal association agreement, which entered into force in 2016. This provides for Georgia to enter into a DCFTA (Deep […]

Belarus 2025

Introduction – Payments in Belarus Belarus is a presidential republic with a bicameral Parliament (Natsionalnoye Sobranie) composed of the Chamber of Representatives and the Council of the Republic. It is a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Organisation for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) and the Organisation of the Black Sea Economic […]

Azerbaijan 2025

Introduction – Payments in Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is a presidential republic with a unicameral parliament, the National Assembly (Milli Mejlis). It has a strategic location between East and West based on large reserves of oil and gas. It is a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Organisation for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM), […]

Armenia 2025

Introduction – Payments in Armenia Armenia is a representative parliamentary democratic republic with a unicameral parliament, the National Assembly (Azgayin Zhoghov). Armenia is a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Organisation of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC), and an observer of the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC). In recent years, Armenia has […]